Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has heightened security concerns, driving Finland to join NATO on April 4, 2023, and Sweden to seek membership to strengthen collective defense against potential Russian aggression.

CURRENT STATE

NATO has increased its military presence and defense spending in Eastern Europe. Initiatives like the Baltic Defence Line (January 2024) and Poland's East Shield program (May 2024) enhance deterrence. NATO's membership stands at 32 nations as of March 2026.

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